Private Law
Morteza Torabi; Iraj Babaei; abbas toosi
Abstract
Fundamental human rights have traditionally been discussed in public law and can be applied to state-citizen relations (vertical relations). However, its application in the relationship between citizens (horizontal relationship) is undeniable. In this article, we first describe the principles and methods ...
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Fundamental human rights have traditionally been discussed in public law and can be applied to state-citizen relations (vertical relations). However, its application in the relationship between citizens (horizontal relationship) is undeniable. In this article, we first describe the principles and methods of exercising fundamental rights in contractual relations between individuals. These foundations are based on the theory of state action, fundamentalism, and public policy. We will then see how the social principle at the source of rights such as freedom of education, strike, access to information, freedom of employment and freedom of religion, which are necessary for social life in a democratic society, should not be violated in contract law. The main question is how social dignity as a principle is respected and respected in contract law. In case of violation of the principle, what effect does it have on the validity of the contract? This article answers this question with analytical and library methods and relying on the analysis of different opinions of the courts of some legal systems of European countries, it can be said, in Iranian law, the rights arising from the principle of the above are general civil rights that cannot be revoked by contract, even in part. Violation of these rights will invalidate all or part of the contract.
Private Law
Iraj Babaei; Morteza Torabi
Abstract
Human rights are traditionally discussed in public law and in government-citizen relations, but this does not mean denying its impact on private law. In contract law, principles such as the rule of will or freedom of contract are themselves in line with human rights principles, but are not sufficient ...
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Human rights are traditionally discussed in public law and in government-citizen relations, but this does not mean denying its impact on private law. In contract law, principles such as the rule of will or freedom of contract are themselves in line with human rights principles, but are not sufficient to fully protect fundamental human rights. For this purpose, it is necessary that other principles can be introduced as principles in line with traditional principles in contract law. The most basic principle of human rights is the principle of human dignity. The question is, to what extent and in what way can this principle be applied in contract law? Can fundamental rights derived from this human rights principle be revoked by a contract? In this article, with emphasis on various cases in the jurisprudence of some countries and the European Court of Human Rights, we have come to the conclusion that The principle of freedom, which includes important rights such as human dignity, the right to respect for family life, and the principle of non-discrimination, which encompasses various aspects, sometimes as a limiting factor of the will to prevent the infringement of a condition or contract contrary to them and sometimes fundamental rights arising from these principles. As general civil rights, they are also partially irrevocable or revocable. The research method has been library and by studying the judicial practice of countries and Iran.
